Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas has been used as an extinguishing agent in fixed installations since the beginning of the twentieth century. NFPA-12 ( National Fire Protection Association ) Rules and BIS 6382 codes for design of such system are used as standards for CO2 extinguishing systems. These fire extinguishing installations are usually provided on premises where water and foam cannot be used. CO2 can be stored in high-pressure seamless steel cylinders in liquid form with a maximum filling ratio of 0.667 kg/liter of cylinder volume.
At atmospheric pressure and 21 Degree Cel. Temperature, 1kg of liquid CO2 vaporizes to occupy 560 liters. This means that in order to “ flood/inject” CO2 gas into an environment, causing volumetric reduction of oxygen gas concentration, a large quantity of CO2 gas can be effectively stored in liquid form in relatively small cylinder volume.
